Start with the topic guide.
The control plane, etcd, the API server, the scheduler, controllers and reconciliation, the kubelet, pods, deployments and ReplicaSets, services and kube-proxy, ingress, configMaps and Secrets, persistent volumes, operators and custom resources, and autoscaling.
This is a learning outline. A complete worked tutorial has not been published for this topic yet.
Concept scope
How Kubernetes Works: 14 short lessons, one for each concept. The control plane, etcd, the API server, the scheduler, controllers and reconciliation, the kubelet, pods, deployments and ReplicaSets, services and kube-proxy, ingress, configMaps and Secrets, persistent volumes, operators and custom resources, and autoscaling.